Laparoscopic Surgery

Laparoscopic surgery is also known as MIS or minimally invasive surgery or keyhole surgery, and is a modern technique for surgery that involves abdominal operations that are performed through incisions that are relatively small at around 0.5cm to 1.5cm. Larger incisions are often needed for traditional surgical procedures, so the biggest characteristic about laparoscopic surgery is the fact that it can be so minimally invasive. There are a number of different types of laparoscopic surgery including abdominal cavity operations and pelvic cavity operations. When keyhole surgery is performed on the chest cavity or on the thoracic cavity, the operation is known as thorascopic surgery. Both laparoscopic surgery and thorascopic surgeries fall into a broader category of plastic surgery known as endoscopy.

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The key element involved in laparoscopic surgery is the use of a tool known as a laparoscope. There are two different types of laoparoscopes that can be used, one that has a telescopic lens system that is connected to a video camera, and one that is a digital laparoscope that eliminates the rod lens system. A fiber optic cable system is also attached to a halogen or xenon light source that will allow the operative field to be illuminated. Carbon dioxide gas is typically breathed into the abdominal cavity in order to create a space for viewing and working, blowing the abdominal up as if it were a balloon so that the abdominal wall will be elevated above the internal organs for easier surgical procedures. The gas that is used is CO2 gas, which is common within the human body and also capable of being absorbed by the tissue and then removed by the respiratory system.

Laparoscopic Surgery Procedures

The most common type of Laparoscopic Surgery is Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, which involves allowing instruments between 5mm and 10mm in diameter like scissors, grapsers and clip appliers through trocars, which are hollow tubes that have a seal so that the CO2 can be kept inside the abdomen. While typical Cholecystectomy procedures, the minimum incision is 20cm, but with a Laparoscopic Surgery, four incisions of only 0.5cm to 1.0cm are used, even for the Laparoscopic removal of larger bodies such as the gallbladder.

In certain other advanced Laparoscopic Surgery procedures, an incision that is larger than 10mm must be made if the size of the specimen that is being removed is too large to pull through the site of the trocar. The most common of these types of Laparoscopic Surgery procedures is the removal of all of the colon, or part of the colon, which is a procedure known as a colectomy, or the removal of a kidney, which is a procedure known as a nephrectomy. Some surgeons can perform these procedures completely laparoscopically, while the larger incision is only made near the end of the surgery when the specimen needs to be removed.

The primary concept behind Laparoscopic Surgery is to minimize pain post operation and to speed up the recovery time while maintaining an enhancement in the visual field for the plastic surgeons.